¤.È. 1957 - 1962 | ¤.È. 1963 - 1980 | ¤.È. 1981 - 2000 | ¤.È. 2001 - »Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹ | ͹Ҥµ
»ÃÐà·È 10 »ÃÐà·Èáá·Õè¾ÔªÔµÍÇ¡ÒÈ | Ẻ¨ÓÅͧ¡ÃдÒɢͧ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ ¨ÃÇ´ áÅÐ ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ

´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Sputnik 1 ¨ÃÇ´ R7 (Old Number Seven)	4 µØÅÒ¤Á 1957 (¾.È.2500) ʻص¹Ô¤ 1 (Sputnik 1) First Earth Satellite - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá¢Í§âÅ¡ First Earth Orbiter - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá¢Í§âÅ¡ First Russian Satellite - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá¢Í§ÃÑÊà«Õ ¨ÃÇ´¹ÓÊè§ : R7 (Old Number Seven) ¨Ò¡ Baikonur Cosmodrome ¹éÓ˹ѡ : 83.6 ¡¡. ʻص¹Ô¤-1 ÁÕ¢¹Ò´»ÃÐÁÒ³ÅÙ¡ºÒÊࡵºÍÅ Ê觢Öé¹ÊÙèǧ⤨ÃÃͺâÅ¡â´Â»ÃÐà·ÈÃÑÊà«Õ ¹Ñºà»ç¹¨Ø´àÃÔèÁµé¹¢Í§ÂؤÍÇ¡ÒÈ (Space Age) ʻص¹Ô¤-1 ÁÕÀÒáԨ㹡ÒõÃǨÇÑ´¤ÇÒÁ˹Òá¹è¹¢Í§ºÃÃÂÒ¡ÒȪÑé¹ÊÙ§ «Öè§ËÒä´é¨Ò¡¡Òäӹdz¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹á»Å§¢Í§Ç§â¤¨Ã¢Í§´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ ËÒ¢éÍÁÙÅ¡ÒáÃШÒÂÊÑ­­Ò³ÇÔ·ÂØ㹪Ñ鹺ÃÃÂÒ¡ÒÈäÍâÍâ¹Êà¿ÕÂÃì áÅеÃǨ¨ÑºÍØ¡ÒºÒµ ¨Ò¡¢éÍÁÙÅ¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹á»Å§ÍسËÀÙÁÔÀÒÂã¹ÂÒ¹ ·Õèà¡Ô´¨Ò¡¡ÒÃÅ´áç´Ñ¹¡Ò«ä¹âµà¨¹·ÕèºÃèØÍÂÙèÀÒÂã¹ ËÒ¡µÑÇÂÒ¹ä´éÃѺ¤ÇÒÁàÊÕÂËÒ ʻص¹Ô¤-1 à¤Å×è͹·Õè´éǤÇÒÁàÃçÇ 29,000 ¡ÔâÅàÁµÃµèͪÑèÇâÁ§ (18,000 äÁÅìµèͪÑèÇâÁ§) Êè§ÊÑ­­Ò³ÇÔ·Âتèǧ¤Å×è¹ 20.005 áÅÐ 40.002 àÁ¡ÐàÎÔõ«ì ·ÕèÊÒÁÒöÃѺä´éâ´Â¹Ñ¡àÅè¹ÇÔ·ÂØÊÁѤÃàÅè¹·ÑèÇâÅ¡ ÊÑ­­Ò³ÇÔ·Âض١Êè§ÍÂèÒ§µèÍà¹×èͧà»ç¹àÇÅÒ 22 Çѹ ¡è͹·ÕèẵàµÍÃÕè¨ÐËÁ´ àÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 26 µØÅÒ¤Á ¾.È.2500 ʻص¹Ô¤-1 à¼ÒäËÁé㹪Ñ鹺ÃÃÂÒ¡ÒÈ ¢³Ð¡ÅѺŧÊÙèâÅ¡ àÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 4 Á¡ÃÒ¤Á ¾.È.2501 ËÅѧ¨Ò¡à´Ô¹·Ò§»ÃÐÁÒ³ 60 ÅéÒ¹¡ÔâÅàÁµÃ (37 ÅéÒ¹äÁÅì) 㹪èǧàÇÅÒ 3 à´×͹ ã¹Ç§â¤¨ÃÃͺâÅ¡ Links : Sputnik-1 º¹ wikipedia www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/sputnik/ NSSDC Master Catalog Satellites º¹ wikipedia
äÅ¡éÒã¹Ê»Øµ¹Ô¤ 2 äÅ¡éÒ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Sputnik 2	3 ¾ÄȨԡÒ¹ 1957 (¾.È.2500) äÅ¡éÒ (Laika) First Dog in Space - ÊعѢã¹ÍÇ¡ÒȵÑÇáá¢Í§âÅ¡ äÅ¡éÒà»ç¹ÊÔè§ÁÕªÕÇÔµµÑÇáá¢Í§âÅ¡·Õèä´é¢Öé¹ÊÙèǧ⤨ÃÃͺâÅ¡ º¹´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ ʻص¹Ô¤ 2 (Sputnik 2) ª×èÍäÅ¡éÒ ÁÒ¨Ò¡ÀÒÉÒÃÑÊà«Õ·Õèá»ÅÇèÒ "¹Ñ¡àËèÒ (barker)" ËÃ×Í "¹Ñ¡Ë͹ (howler)" à»ç¹·Õè¹èÒàÈÃéÒ·ÕèäÅ¡éÒàÊÕªÕÇÔµÀÒÂËÅѧ¡ÒÃÊ觨ÃÇ´ 2-3 ªÑèÇâÁ§ ¨Ò¡¤ÇÒÁà¤ÃÕ´ áÅФÇÒÁÃé͹ (·ÕèÍÒ¨à¡Ô´¨Ò¡¤ÇÒÁ¼Ô´¾ÅҴ㹡Ò÷ӧҹ¢Í§Ãкº¤Çº¤ØÁÍسËÀÙÁÔ) Links : Laika Soviet space dogs Animals in Space
Explorer 1 50th Anniversary Explorer 1 Launched ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Explorer 1 ¨ÃÇ´ Juno 1	31 Á¡ÃÒ¤Á 1958 (¾.È.2501) ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁàÍ¡«ì¾ÅÍàÃÍÃì 1 (Explorer 1) First American Satellite - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá¢Í§ÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò First Satellite to Discover Earth's Radiation belt - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá·Õè¤é¹¾ºÇ§áËǹÃѧÊբͧâÅ¡ ¨ÃÇ´¹ÓÊè§ : Juno-1 (à»ç¹¨ÃÇ´´Ñ´á»Å§ÁÒ¨Ò¡ ABMA-JPL Jupiter-C) ¨Ò¡áËÅÁ¤Ò¹ÒàÇÍÃÑÅ ÍØ»¡Ã³ìÇÔ·ÂÒÈÒʵÃì¢Í§ à¨ÁÊì àÍ áǹ ÍÑÅàŹ (James A. Van Allen) ·Õè¹Ó¢Öé¹ä»´éÇ µÃǨ¾º ǧáËǹÃѧÊբͧâÅ¡ (Earth's radiation belt) Explorer 1 ÁÕª×èÍàÃÕ¡ÍÕ¡ª×èÍ˹Öè§ÇèÒ Satellite 1958 Alpha ÊÃéÒ§â´Â JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Links : Explorer 1 Juno 1
´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Explorer 2	5 ÁÕ¹Ò¤Á 1958 (2501) ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁàÍ¡«ì¾ÅÍàÃÍÃì 2 (Explorer 2) ÍàÁÃÔ¡ÒÊ觴ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ àÍ¡«ì¾ÅÍàÃÍÃì 2 Êè§ÊÙèÍÇ¡ÒÈâ´Â¨ÃÇ´ Juno-1 (Jupiter-C) áµè»ÃÐʺ»Ñ­ËÒ áÅÐäÁèÊÒÁÒöà¢éÒÊÙèǧ⤨Ãä´é ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Explorer 2 àËÁ×͹¡Ñº ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Explorer 1 Link : Explorer 2
´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Vanguard 1 ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Vanguard 1 ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Vanguard 1 Vanguard Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-Series)	17 ÁÕ¹Ò¤Á 1958 (2501) ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁáǹ¡ÒÃì´ 1 (Vanguard 1) The Oldest Satellite Still Orbiting Earth - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ·Õèà¡èÒá¡è·ÕèÊØ´·ÕèÂѧÍÂÙèã¹Ç§â¤¨Ã The Oldest Space Junk Still Orbiting Earth - ¢ÂÐÍÇ¡ÒÈ·Õèà¡èÒá¡è·ÕèÊØ´·ÕèÂѧÍÂÙèã¹Ç§â¤¨Ã ÍàÁÃÔ¡ÒÊ觴ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Vanguard 1 ¢Öé¹ÊÙèǧ⤨à â´Â ¨ÃÇ´ Vanguard áÅÐÍÂÙ軯Ժѵԧҹä´é 3 »Õ Vanguard 1 ÁÕÅѡɳÐà»ç¹·Ã§¡ÅÁ àÊé¹¼èÒÈÙ¹Âì¡ÅÒ§ 16.5 «Á. (6.4 ¹ÔéÇ) ¢éҧ㹵ԴµÑé§ÍØ»¡Ã³ìÊè§ÊÑ­­Ò³ 2 µÑÇ ¢¹Ò´ 10 mW 108 MHz áÅÐ 5 mW 108.03 MHz ·Õèä´éÃѺ¾Åѧ§Ò¹¨Ò¡à«ÅáʧÍÒ·ÔµÂì 6 µÑÇ ´éÒ¹¹Í¡ÁÕàÊÒÍÒ¡ÒÈ 6 Íѹ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁÂѧµÔ´µÑé§ÍØ»¡Ã³ìÇÑ´ÍسËÀÙÁÔ (Thermisors) 2 µÑÇ à¾×èÍÇÑ´ÍسËÀÙÁÔÀÒÂã¹´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ 㹪èǧ 16 Çѹ à¾×èÍ´Ù»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾¢Í§ÇÑÊ´Ø»éͧ¡Ñ¹ÍسËÀÙÁÔ Links : Vanguard 1 Vanguard 1
´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Sputnik 3 ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Sputnik 3	15 ¾ÄÉÀÒ¤Á 1958 (2501) ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁʻص¹Ô¤ 3 (Sputnik 3) ÃÑÊà«ÕÂÊ觴ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Sputnik 3 à»ç¹¼ÅÊÓàÃç¨ Ê»Øµ¹Ô¤ 3 ÁÕ¹éÓ˹ѡ 1,327 ¡¡. ÁÕÅѡɳФÅéÒ¡ÃÇ ÂÒÇ 3.57 Á. áÅаҹ¡ÇéÒ§ 1.73 Á. µÔ´µÑé§ÍØ»¡Ã³ìµÃǨÇÑ´ 12 µÑÇ à¾×è͵ÃǨÇÑ´ ¤ÇÒÁ¡´´Ñ¹áÅÐÊèǹ»ÃСͺ¢Í§ºÃÃÂÒ¡ÒȪÑ鹺¹, ¤ÇÒÁà¢éÁ¢é¹¢Í§ charged particles, ⿵͹ã¹ÃѧÊÕ¤ÍÊÁÔ¤, ͹ØÀҤ˹ѡã¹ÃѧÊÕ¤ÍÊÁÔ¤, ʹÒÁáÁèàËÅç¡áÅÐʹÒÁä¿¿éÒʶԵÂì, áÅР͹ØÀÒ¤ÍØ¡ÒºÒµ (Meteoric Particles) à»ç¹·Õè¹èÒàÊÕ´ÒÂÇèÒÍØ»¡Ã³ìºÑ¹·Ö¡¢éÍÁÙź¹à·»áÁèàËÅç¡äÁè·Ó§Ò¹ ¨Ö§äÁèÊÒÁÒöµÃǨÇÑ´ ᶺÃѧÊÕáǹÍÑÅàŹä´é ÂÒ¹ÍÂÙèã¹Ç§â¤¨Ã¶Ö§Çѹ·Õè 6 àÁÉÒ¹ 1960 ¨¹Ç§â¤¨ÃÅ´µèÓŧ¨¹¡ÃзÑ觴ÒÇà·ÕÂÁà¢éÒÊÙèºÃÃÂÒ¡ÒȢͧâÅ¡ Links : Sputnik 3
Logo ¢Í§ NASA	1 µØÅÒ¤Á 1958 (2501) ¡è͵Ñé§ NASA ÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò¡è͵Ñé§Í§¤ì¡ÃÍÇ¡ÒÈ N.A.S.A. á·¹·Õè˹èǧҹà´ÔÁ ¤×Í National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics. Links : NASA NASA NASA - Students K-4
ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ Pioneer 1	11 µØÅÒ¤Á 1958 (2501) ä¾âÍà¹ÕÂÃì 1 (Pioneer 1) First Spacecraft Launched by NASA - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá»ÅèÍÂâ´Â NASA ÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò áÅÐ IGY Êè§ÂÒ¹ Pioneer 1 (à»ç¹ Space Probe) ¢Öé¹ÊÙ§ 70,700 äÁÅì Links : Pioneer 1 º¹ wikipedia Pioneer 1 º¹ answer.com www.mondatlas.de Gunter's Space Page NSSDC Master Catalog
ÅÔ§¹éÍ Gordo Jupiter IRBM AM-13	13 ¸Ñ¹ÇÒ¤Á 1958 (¾.È.2501) ¡ÍÃìâ´ (Gordo) First Monkey in Space - ÅÔ§ã¹ÍÇ¡ÒȵÑÇáá¢Í§âÅ¡ ÍàÁÃÔ¡ÒÊè§ÅÔ§µÑÇáá¢Í§âÅ¡ ª×èÍ Gordo ¢Öé¹ä»ÍÇ¡ÒÈ ¡Ñº¨ÃÇ´ Jupiter IRBM AM-13 㹪èǧ¡ÅѺÊÙèâÅ¡ à¡Ô´¤ÇÒÁ¼Ô´¾ÅÒ´¡ÑºÃкº ·ÓãËéÃèÁªÙªÕ¾äÁè¡Ò§ áÅСÅä¡¡ÒÃÅ͵ÑÇäÁè·Ó§Ò¹ ·ÓãËéÊèǹ nose cone ¨Áŧãµé·ÐàÅ Gordo ¢Öé¹ä»ÊÙ§ 300 äÁÅìà˹×;×é¹âÅ¡ ÍÂÙèã¹ÊÀÒÇÐäÃé¹éÓ˹ѡ»ÃÐÁÒ³ 8.3 ¹Ò·Õ áÅеéͧ༪ԭ¡Ñºáç´Ö§´Ù´¶Ö§ 10 à·èÒ ã¹ªèǧ»ÅèͨÃÇ´ áÅÐÁÒ¡¶Ö§ 40 à·èÒ ã¹ªèǧ¡ÅѺÊÙèâÅ¡ ³ ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ 10,000 äÁÅìµèͪÑèÇâÁ§ Gordo à»ç¹ÅÔ§¡ÃÐÃÍ¡¢Í§ÍàÁÃÔ¡Òãµé (South American squirrel monkey) ÊÙ§»ÃÐÁÒ³ 1 ¿Øµ (30 «Á.) ˹ѡ»ÃÐÁÒ³ 2-3 »Í¹´ì (1-1.5 ¡¡.) à˵ؼŷÕèàÅ×Í¡ÅÔ§ÊÒ¾ѹ¸Øì¹Õé à»ç¹à¾ÃÒÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¤ÅéÒ¤ÅÖ§¡ÑºÁ¹ØÉÂì¤è͹¢éÒ§ÁÒ¡ áÅÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÃÙéÊÖ¡äǵèÍ¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹á»Å§ÍسËÀÙÁÔ ÁÕ¡Ò÷´ÅͧãªéÅÔ§ËÅÒ¾ѹ¸Øì¢Öé¹ä»¡Ñº¨ÃÇ´ ä´éá¡è ÅÔ§ rhesus, ÅÔ§ cynomolgus, áÅÐ ÅÔ§¡ÃÐÃÍ¡ (squirrel monkeys) ÃÇÁ¶Ö§ pig-tailed macaques ´éÇ Links : Gordo (space monkey) º¹ wikipedia NSSDC Master Catalog
ÂÒ¹ Luna 1 ÂÒ¹ Luna 1	2 Á¡ÃÒ¤Á 1959 (¾.È.2502) ÂÒ¹ÅÙ¹Ò 1 (Luna 1) First Spaceship to the Moon - ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈÅÓááÊÙè´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì First Russian Spaceship to the Moon - ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈÃÑÊà«ÕÂÅÓááÊÙè´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì First Spaceship to orbit the Sun - ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈÅÓáá·Õè⤨ÃÃͺ´Ç§ÍÒ·ÔµÂì ÃÑÊà«ÕÂÊè§ÂÒ¹ÅÙ¹Ò 1 ä»Âѧ´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì ¹Í¡¨Ò¡¨Ðà»ç¹ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈÅÓáá¢Í§âÅ¡·Õè件֧´Ç§¨Ñ¹·ÃìáÅéÇ Âѧà»ç¹ÂÒ¹ÅÓáá·ÕèËÅØ´¾é¹áç´Ö§´Ù´¢Í§âÅ¡à¾×èÍä»â¤¨ÃÃͺ´Ç§ÍÒ·ÔµÂìÍÕ¡´éÇ ÅÙ¹Ò 1 ÁÕ¹éÓ˹ѡ 361 ¡¡. Ê觨ҡ°Ò¹ Tyuratam (Baikonur Cosmodrome) â´Â¨ÃÇ´ SS-6 Link : NSSDC Master Catalog
¨ÃÇ´¨Ùâ¹ 2 ¨ÃÇ´¨Ùâ¹ 2 ÂÒ¹ Pioneer 4 ÂÒ¹ Pioneer 4	3 ÁÕ¹Ò¤Á 1959 (¾.È.2502) ÂÒ¹ä¾âÍà¹ÕÂÃì 4 (Pioneer 4) First American Spaceship to the Moon - ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈÍàÁÃԡѹÅÓááÊÙè´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì First American Spaceship to orbit the Sun - ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈÍàÁÃԡѹÅÓáá·Õè⤨ÃÃͺ´Ç§ÍÒ·ÔµÂì ÍàÁÃÔ¡ÒÃèÇÁ¡Ñº IGY Êè§ÂÒ¹ Pioneer 4 ´éǨÃÇ´ Juno II ÁØè§ä»Âѧ´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì ÂÒ¹à¤Å×è͹¼èÒ¹´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãìã¹ÃÐÂÐ 37,000 äÁÅì (59,533 ¡Á.) áÅÐà¢éÒÊÙèǧ⤨ÃÃͺ´Ç§ÍÒ·ÔµÂì ·ÓãËéà»ç¹ÂÒ¹ÅÓáá¢Í§ÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò·Õè⤨ÃÃͺ´Ç§ÍÒ·ÔµÂì ä¾âÍà¹ÕÂÃì 4 ÁÕ¹éÓ˹ѡ 5.9 ¡¡.ÊÃéÒ§â´Â Jet Propulsion Laboratory ¨ÃÇ´ Juno 2 à»ç¹¨ÃÇ´·ÕèãªéÊ觴ÒÇà·ÕÂÁªØ´ Explorer áÅÐ Pioneer 㹪èǧ»Õ ¤.È.1958 ¶Ö§ 1961 Link : Pioneer 4 ¨Ò¡ wikipedia Pioneer 4 º¹ NSSDC Master Catalog Pioneer 4 º¹ Gunter's Space Page
àÍàºÔéÅ áÅÐ àºà¡ÍÃì àÍàºÔéÅ àºà¡ÍÃì Jupiter AM-18	28 ¾ÄÉÀÒ¤Á 1959 (¾.È.2502) àÍàºÔéÅ ¡Ñº àºà¡ÍÃì (Able and Baker) Jupiter AM-18 à»ç¹¨ÃÇ´¢Í§ÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò Ê觨ҡ Cape Canaveral à¾×è͹ÓÊÔè§ÁÕªÕÇÔµ¢Öé¹ä»ã¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ »ÃСͺ´éÇ ÅÔ§ 2 µÑÇ ª×èÍ àÍàºÔéÅ (Able) ¡Ñº àºà¡ÍÃì (Baker) ÃÇÁ¶Ö§ÊѵÇ좹ҴàÅç¡ áÅоת à¾×èʹټšÃзº¢Í§ÊÀÒÇÐäÃé¹éÓ˹ѡ áÅСÒÃá¼èÃѧÊÕã¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ ·ÕèÁÕµèÍÊÔè§ÁÕªÕÇÔµ àÍàºÔéÅ áÅÐ àºà¡ÍÃì ¹Ñºà»ç¹ÊѵÇìàÅÕé§ÅÙ¡´éǹÁ µÑÇ·Õè 2 áÅÐ 3 ·Õè¢Öé¹ä»ã¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ Link : Able and Baker ¨Ò¡ www.fiftiesweb.com Able and Baker ¨Ò¡ ham.space.umn.edu Able and Baker ¨Ò¡ www.thewebcomiclist.com Animals in Space ¨Ò¡ wikipedia
ÂÒ¹ Luna 2 Luna Pennants	12 ¡Ñ¹ÂÒ¹ 1959 (¾.È.2502) ÂÒ¹ÅÙ¹Ò 2 (Luna 2) First Man-made Object to Hit the Moon - ÊÔ觻ÃдÔÉ°ì¢Í§Á¹ØÉÂìªÔé¹áá·Õ誹´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì ÃÑÊà«ÕÂÊè§ÂÒ¹ Luna 2 ä»Âѧ´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì àÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 12 ¡Ñ¹ÂÒ¹ 1959 àÇÅÒ 06:39:42 UTC ÂÒ¹ÅÙ¹Ò 2 ª¹¡Ñº´Ç§¨Ñ¹·ÃìàÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 14 ¡Ñ¹ÂÒ¹ 1959 àÇÅÒ 22:02:24 UTC ³ µÓáË¹è§ 29.1° N 0° W áÅСÅÒÂà»ç¹Çѵ¶ØªÔé¹áá¢Í§âÅ¡º¹´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì º¹ÂÒ¹ÁÕµÃÒÊÑ­­Åѡɳì¢Í§â«àÇÕµ (Soviet Coat of Arms) ÂÒ¹ÅÙ¹Ò 2 ÁÕ¹éÓ˹ѡ 390.5 ¡¡. ãªéàÇÅÒà´Ô¹·Ò§¨Ò¡âÅ¡ÊÙè´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì 33.5 ªÁ. Link : Luna 2 ¨Ò¡ Answers.com Luna 2 ¨Ò¡ wikipedia
ÂÒ¹ Luna 3 ÂÒ¹ Luna 3	4 µØÅÒ¤Á 1959 (¾.È.2502) ÂÒ¹ÅÙ¹Ò 3 (Luna 3) First Satellite to Take Pictures of the Moon's Far Side - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá¢Í§âÅ¡·ÕèºÑ¹·Ö¡ÀÒ¾´éÒ¹Á×´¢Í§´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì ÃÑÊà«ÕÂÊè§ÂÒ¹ Luna 3 à¾×èÍ⤨ÃÃͺ´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì áÅжèÒÂÀÒ¾ 70% ¢Í§´éÒ¹Á×´¢Í§´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì ÂÒ¹ÅÙ¹Ò 3 ÁÕ¹éÓ˹ѡ 278.5 ¡¡.Ê觢Öé¹àÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 4 µØÅÒ¤Á 1959 àÇÅÒ 02:24:00 áÅÐà¤Å×è͹·Õè¼èÒ¹´Ç§¨Ñ¹·ÃìàÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 6 µØÅÒ¤Á 1959 àÇÅÒ 14:16 UTC ã¹ÃÐÂÐËèÒ§ 6,200 ¡Á.ã¡Åé¡Ñº¢ÑéÇãµé¢Í§´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ãì Link : Answers.com
	11 ÁÕ¹Ò¤Á 1960 (¾.È.2503) ÂÒ¹ä¾âÍà¹ÕÂÃì 5 (Pioneer 5) ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒȢͧÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò à¾×èÍÇѴʹÒÁáÁèàËÅ硢ͧâÅ¡, ͹ØÀÒ¤¢Í§à»ÅÇÊØÃÔÂÐ áÅÐ ¡ÒÃá¼èÃѧÊÕ¤ÍÊÁÔ¤ Link : Pioneer 5
´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Tyros 1	1 àÁÉÒ¹ 1960 (¾.È.2503) ÂÒ¹ä·ÃÍÊ 1 (Tiros 1) First Meteorological Satellite - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁÍصعÔÂÁÇÔ·ÂҴǧáá¢Í§âÅ¡ ÍàÁÃÔ¡ÒÊ觴ÒÇà·ÕÂÁÍصعÔÂÁÇÔ·ÂҴǧáá TIROS-1 ¢Öé¹ÊÙèǧ⤨ÃÃͺâÅ¡ àÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 1 àÁÉÒ¹ 1960 ¨Ò¡áËÅÁ¤Ò¹ÒàÇÍÃÑÅ ¿ÅÍÃÔ´Ò ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ·Ó§Ò¹ä´é 78 Çѹ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁÁÕ¹éÓ˹ѡ 270 »Í¹´ì (120 ¡¡.) µÔ´µÑ駡Åéͧâ·Ã·Ñȹì 2 µÑÇ áÅÐÍØ»¡Ã³ìºÑ¹·Ö¡à·»áÁèàËÅç¡ à¾×èÍãªé㹡Òúѹ·Ö¡¢éÍÁÙÅÀÒ¾ àÁ×èÍ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁÍÂÙè¾é¹ÃÑÈÁÕ¡ÒÃÊ×èÍÊÒà ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁä´éÃѺ¾Åѧ§Ò¹ä¿¿éҨҡẵàµÍÃÕ·Õèä´éÃѺ¡ÒûÃШØ俨ҡà«ÅÅìáʧÍÒ·ÔµÂì 9200 ἧ Link : Answers.com noaasis.noaa.gov Gunter's Space Page
´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Transit 1	13 àÁÉÒ¹ 1960 (¾.È.2503) ·ÃÒ¹«Ô· 1 (Transit 1) First Military Satellite - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ·ËÒôǧáá¢Í§âÅ¡¢Í§ÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò Ãкº·ÃÒ¹«Ô· (Transit ËÃ×Í·ÕèàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ NAVSAT - Navy Navigation Satellite System) à»ç¹Ãкº¹ÓÃèͧ¼èÒ¹´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ à¾×èÍãËéµÓá˹觷Õè¶Ù¡µéͧº¹¾×é¹âÅ¡á¡èàÃ×Í´Ó¹éÓ·ÕèÁÕËÑÇú¢éÒÁ·ÇÕ» áÅÐÂѧãªé㹡ÒÃÊÓÃǨ·Ò§ÍØ·¡ÈÒʵÃì´éÇ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Transit 1A äÁè»ÃÐʺ¤ÇÒÁÊÓàÃç¨ã¹¡ÒÃÊè§àÁ×èÍà´×͹¡Ñ¹ÂÒ¹ 1959 Êèǹ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Transit 1B ¶Ù¡Ê觢Öé¹ÊÙèǧ⤨ÃàÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 13 àÁÉÒ¹ 1960 â´Â¨ÃÇ´ Thor-Ablestar ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Transit ËÃ×Í·ÕèàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ OSCAR ËÃ×Í NOVA à»ç¹´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁǧ⤨õèÓ â¤¨Ã¼èÒ¹¢ÑéÇâÅ¡ ³ ¤ÇÒÁÊÙ§¢Í§Ç§â¤¨Ã 1,100 ¡Á. ÁÕ¤Òº¡ÒÃ⤨à 106 ¹Ò·Õ/Ãͺ Ãкº´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ»ÃСͺ´éÇ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ¨Ó¹Ç¹ 5 ´Ç§ áµèã¹·Ò§»¯ÔºÑµÔ ÁÕ¡ÒÃãªé´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ¶Ö§ 10 ´Ç§·Õà´ÕÂÇ (5 ´Ç§¨ÃÔ§ + 5 ´Ç§ÊÓÃͧ) Link : Transit
´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Echo 1	12 ÊÔ§ËÒ¤Á 1960 (¾.È.2503) àͤ⤠1 (Echo 1) NASA's First Passive Communications Satellite - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁÊ×èÍÊÒÃÃкº¾ÒÊ«Õ¿´Ç§áá¢Í§âÅ¡ ÊËÃÑ°ÍàÁÃÔ¡ÒÊ觴ÒÇà·ÕÂÁÊ×èÍÊÒôǧáá¢Í§âÅ¡ «Ö觶١ãªéà¾Õ§à¾×èÍ¡Ò÷´ÊͺÃкºÊ×èÍÊÒüèÒ¹´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ à·èÒ¹Ñé¹ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁÁÕÃÙ»·Ã§¡ÅÁâÅËÐ ÊÒÁÒöÊзé͹¤Å×è¹äÁâ¤ÃàÇ¿·ÕèÊè§ÁÒ¨Ò¡¨Ø´ã´¨Ø´Ë¹Ö觺¹¾×é¹âÅ¡ ä»ÂѧÍÕ¡¨Ø´Ë¹Öè§ä´é Link : Echo Satellite
´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Discoverer XIV	18 ÊÔ§ËÒ¤Á 1960 (¾.È.2503) ´ÔʤѿàÇÍàÃÍ 14 (Discoverer XIV) First Spy Satellite - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ¨ÒáÃÃÁ´Ç§áá¢Í§âÅ¡ First satellite to be ejected from an orbiting space vehicle and to be recovered in midair - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá·Õè¶Ù¡à´é§ÍÍ¡¨Ò¡Ç§â¤¨ÃáÅж١ÃѺ¡ÅÒ§ÍÒ¡ÒÈ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ¶Ù¡Ê觢Öé¹â´Â¨ÃÇ´ Thor ¨Ò¡°Ò¹·Ñ¾ÍÒ¡ÒÈáǹഹàºÍÃì¡ á¤ÅÔ¿ÍÃìà¹Õ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁÁÕ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ 17,658 äÁÅì/ªÁ. ÁÕǧ⤨ÃÊÙ§ 116 äÁÅì ³ perigee áÅÐÊÙ§ 502 äÁÅì ³Ü apogee Links : Discoverer XIV
CNES ÍÒ¤Òâͧ CNES ·ÕèàÁ×ͧµÙÅÙÊ »ÃÐà·È½ÃÑè§àÈÊ	¾.È.2504 (1961) ½ÃÑè§àÈÊ ¨Ñ´µÑé§Í§¤ì¡ÒÃÍÇ¡ÒÈ CNES ½ÃÑè§àÈÊ à»ç¹ªÒµÔ·Õè 3 ·Õè¨Ñ´µÑé§Í§¤ì¡ÒÃÍÇ¡ÒÈ ÁÕª×èÍÇèÒ ¤à¹« (CNES - The Centre National d'Études Spatiale) ã¹»Õ ¾.È.2504 ÁÕÊӹѡ§Ò¹ãË­èÍÂÙè·Õè¡Ãا»ÒÃÕÊ à´ÔÁ·Õ CNES ÁÕ˹éÒ·Õè½Ö¡¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒȽÃÑè§àÈÊ áµèµèÍÁÒä´éâ͹ÀÒáԨãËé¡Ñº ESA - European Space Agency ã¹»Õ 2001 CNES ÁÕ tracking station ËÅÒÂáËè§ ä´éá¡è : Kourou ã¹ French Guyana Issus Aussaguel, ËèÒ§ 20 ¡Á.¨Ò¡àÁ×ͧµÙÅÙÊ (Toulouse) Kerguelen Island, à»ç¹à¡Òзҧãµéã¡Åé¡Ñº·ÇÕ»á͹µÒÃ줵ԡ Hartebeesthoek, ÍÒ¿ÃÔ¡Òãµé Kiruna, ÊÇÕà´¹ ÊÓËÃѺâ¤Ã§¡Òà SPOT Links : CNES CNES
ÅÔ§ "áÎÁ" ã¹ Mercury Redstone 2 Mercury Redstone 2	31 Á¡ÃÒ¤Á 1961 (2504) NASA Êè§ÅÔ§ªÔÁỹ«Õª×èÍ áÎÁ (Ham) ¢Öé¹ä»¡ÑºÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ ³ Kennedy Space Center ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ¢Öé¹ä»ä´é·Õè¤ÇÒÁÊÙ§ 157 äÁÅì ÀÒáԨãªéàÇÅÒ·Ñé§ÊÔé¹ 16 ¹Ò·Õ 39 ÇÔ¹Ò·Õ ÅÔ§ "áÎÁ" ÃÍ´ªÕÇÔµ ¨Ò¡¡ÒÃŧ¨Í´ã¹ÁËÒÊÁØ·Ãá͵ᏵԤ Links : MR-2 Ham the Chimp
ÂÙÃÔ ¡Ò¡ÒÃÔ¹ ÂÒ¹ Vostok 1 Vostok 1 Deorbit Sequence R7-Vostok Blueprint ᤻«ÙÅÇÍÊ·Í¡ 1 ¨Ñ´áÊ´§·Õè ¾Ô¾Ô¸Àѳ±ì RKK Energiya Ẻ¨ÓÅ᤻ͧ«ÙÅÇÍÊ·Í¡ 1	12 àÁÉÒ¹ 1961 (¾.È.2504) ÂÙÃÔ ¡Ò¡ÒÃÔ¹ (Yuri Gagarin) áÅÐÂÒ¹ÇÍÊ·Í¡ 1 (Vostok 1) First Astronaut - ¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒȤ¹áá¢Í§âÅ¡ First Male Astronaut - ¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒȪÒ¤¹áá¢Í§âÅ¡ First Manned Earth Orbiter - ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈÁչѡºÔ¹ÅÓáÅ¡¢Í§âÅ¡ ÂÙÃÔ ¡Ò¡ÒÃÔ¹ ªÒÇÃÑÊà«Õ à»ç¹¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ(ªÒÂ)¤¹áá¢Í§âÅ¡ ¶Ù¡Ê觢Öé¹ä»·èͧÍÇ¡ÒȡѺÂÒ¹ÇÍÊ·Í¡ (Vostok) ÂÒ¹ÇÍÊ·Í¡ ˹ѡ 4,700 ¡¡. à»ç¹ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ·ÕèäÁèÊÒÁÒöºÑ§¤Ñºä´é ·ÓãËé¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡Òȵéͧ¡ÃÐâ´´ÃèÁªÙªÕ¾à¾×èÍ¡ÅѺÊÙè¾×é¹âÅ¡àͧ ÀÒáԨ¢Í§ÂÙÃÔ ¡Ò¡ÒÃÔ¹ ãªéàÇÅÒ¡ÒÃà´Ô¹·Ò§ÃͺâÅ¡ 1 Ãͺ ã¹ 1 ªÑèÇâÁ§ 48 ¹Ò·Õ à»ç¹ÀÒáԨ·ÕèµÑ´Ë¹éÒ ¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÅѹ ાà¾Ô´ (Alan Sheperd) ·Õè·Ó¡ÒúԹµèÓ¡ÇèÒǧ⤨à (Suborbital Manned Flight) ä»äÁè¶Ö§à´×͹ ÂÙÃÔ ¡Ò¡ÒÃÔ¹ à¡Ô´ã¹ËÁÙèºéÒ¹àÅç¡æ ·Ò§·ÔȵÐÇѹµ¡¢Í§¡ÃاÁÍÊâ¤Çì »ÃÐà·ÈÃÑÊà«Õ àÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 9 ÁÕ¹Ò¤Á ¾.È.2477 ËÅѧ¨Ò¡àÃÕ¹ã¹âçàÃÕ¹ 6 »Õ ÂÙÃÔà¢éÒÈÖ¡ÉÒµèÍã¹âçàÃÕ¹෤¹Ô¤ à¢Òà¢éÒÃèÇÁ㹡ͧ·Ñ¾ÍÒ¡ÒÈÃÑÊà«ÕÂ ã¹»Õ ¾.È. 2498 áÅШº¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒÃдѺà¡ÕÂõԹÔÂÁ¨Ò¡âçàÃÕ¹¡Í§·Ñ¾ÍÒ¡ÒȢͧÃÑÊà«ÕÂ ã¹»Õ ¾.È.2500 ËÅѧ¨Ò¡¹Ñé¹ à¢Òä´éà¢éÒà»ç¹¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ã¹¡Í§·Ñ¾ÍÒ¡ÒȢͧÃÑÊà«Õ ¨¹¡ÃзÑè§ä´éÃѺàÅ×Í¡ãËéà¢éÒÃѺ¡Òý֡à¾×èÍà»ç¹¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈÃØè¹áá¢Í§ÃÑÊà«Õ ¨Ó¹Ç¹ 20 ¤¹ ã¹»Õ ¾.È.2503 ÂÙÃÔ »¯ÔºÑµÔÀÒáԨà¾Õ§¤ÃÑé§à´ÕÂÇã¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ àÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 12 àÁÉÒ¹ ¾.È.2504 à¢Òä´éÃѺ¡ÒáÂèͧÇèÒà»ç¹Á¹ØÉÂ줹áá¢Í§âÅ¡ ·Õè⤨ÃÃͺâÅ¡ã¹ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ ÇÍÊ·Í¡ 1 (Vostok 1) ¹Ò¹ 108 ¹Ò·Õ ·Õè ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ 27,400 ¡ÔâÅàÁµÃµèͪÑèÇâÁ§ ³ ¤ÇÒÁÊÙ§·ÕèÊØ´à˹×;×é¹âÅ¡ 327 ¡ÔâÅàÁµÃ 㹡Òû¯ÔºÑµÔ¡ÒäÃÑ駹Ñé¹ ÂÙÃÔ·´Åͧ·Ò¹ÍÒËÒÃáÅйéÓã¹ÊÀÒÇÐäÃé¹éÓ˹ѡ «Öè§à¢ÒÃÒ§ҹÇèÒäÁèÁռšÃзºã´æ ÂÒ¹ÇÍÊ·Í¡ 1 à»ç¹ÂÒ¹·Õè¤Çº¤ØÁâ´Ââ»Ãá¡ÃÁ¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃì¨Ò¡ÊÑ­­Ò³ÇÔ·ÂØ à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡ÁÕ¡ÒäҴà´ÒÇèÒ ÊÀÒÇÐäÃé¹éÓ˹ѡÍÒ¨ÁռšÃзºµèÍ¡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹äËǢͧ¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ ÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ ÂÙÃÔÊÒÁÒö¤Çº¤ØÁÂÒ¹ÇÍÊ·Í¡ä´é㹡óÕà˵ءÒóì©Ø¡à©Ô¹ àÁ×èÍÀÒáԨàÊÃç¨ÊÁºÙóì ÂÙÃÔ ´Õ´µÑÇÍÍ¡¨Ò¡ÂÒ¹ÇÍÊ·Í¡ 1 áÅÐŧÊÙè¾×é¹âÅ¡·Õè䫺ÕàÃÕ´éÇÂÃèÁªÙªÕ¾ ÂÙÃÔ ¶Ö§á¡è¡ÃÃÁ àÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè 27 ÁÕ¹Ò¤Á ¾.È.2511 ¨Ò¡ÍغѵÔà˵ءÒõ¡¢Í§à¤Ã×èͧºÔ¹·´Êͺ MiG-15UTI ã¡Åé¡ÃاÁÍÊâ¤Çì ÃÒÂÅÐàÍÕ´ÀÒáԨ : Çѹ¾Ø¸·Õè 12 àÁÉÒ¹ 2506 1 ¹Ò·Õ¡è͹¡ÒûÅèͨÃÇ´ ÂÙÃÔ ¡Ò¡ÒÃÔ¹ ºÑ¹·Ö¡¢éͤÇÒÁ¶Ö§à¾×è͹ÃèÇÁ§Ò¹ áÅЪÒÇâÅ¡·Ø¡¤¹ àÃÔèÁ¡ÒùѺ¶ÍÂËÅѧ ã¹Ëéͧ¤Çº¤ØÁÁÕÀÒ¾¢Í§ÂÙÃÔ»ÃÒ¡¯º¹¨Í·ÕÇÕ 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·ÓãËéà¡Ô´ËÅØÁ¢¹Ò´ãË­è àÇÅÒ»ÃÐÁÒ³ 08:05 UTC ÂÙÃÔ ¡Ò¡ÒÃÔ¹ ŧÊÙè¾×é¹´éǤÇÒÁ»ÅÍ´ÀÑ ÂÙÃÔÍÂÙè㹪شÍÇ¡ÒÈÊÕÊéÁáÅÐËÁÇ¡¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈãºãË­èÊÕ¢ÒÇ ´éÒ¹ËÅѧ⧵Դ¡ÑºÃèÁªÙªÕ¾ à¢Ò¾º¡ÑºªÒǹÒáÅÐÅÙ¡ÊÒÇ·Õè¨éͧÁͧ´éǤÇÒÁ¡ÅÑÇ ÂÙÃÔ¡ÅèÒǡѺ¾Ç¡à¢ÒÇèÒ "äÁèµéͧ¡ÅÑǤÃѺ ¼Áà»ç¹ªÒÇâ«àÇÕµàªè¹à´ÕÂǡѹ¡Ñº¤Ø³ ¼Áà¾Ô觡ÅѺŧÁÒ¨Ò¡ÍÇ¡ÒÈáÅеéͧ¡ÒÃËÒâ·ÃÈѾ·ìà¾×èÍâ·Ãá¨é§ÁÍÊâ¤Çì" ÂÒ¹ÇÍÊ·Í¡ 1 (Vostok 1) ÂÒ¹ÇÍÊ·Í¡ 1 ÁÕ 2 ÊèǹËÅÑ¡ ä´éá¡è : ᤻«ÙÅ : ¹Í¡¨Ò¡¨Ðà»ç¹·Õè¹Ñ觢ͧ¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ (cosmonaut) áÅéÇ Âѧà»ç¹¾Ò˹зÕè¡ÅѺÊÙè¾×é¹âÅ¡´éÇ ᤻«ÙÅÁÕÅѡɳÐà»ç¹·Ã§¡ÅÁ ¢¹Ò´àÊé¹¼èÒÈÙ¹Âì¡ÅÒ§ 2.3 àÁµÃ ˹ѡ 2.46 µÑ¹ »ÃСͺ´éÇ ·Õè¹Ñ觢ͧ¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ, ÍØ»¡Ã³ìµèÒ§æ, áÅÐ Ãкº¡ÒÃËÅºË¹Õ ÂÒ¹¢Ñº´Ñ¹ : ÁÕÅѡɳФÅéÒ·ç¡Ãк͡ ÂÒÇ 2.25 àÁµÃ ¡ÇéÒ§ 2.43 àÁµÃ ¹éÓ˹ѡ 2.27 µÑ¹ »ÃСͺ´éÇ Ãкºà¤Ã×èͧ¹µìáÅÐàª×éÍà¾ÅÔ§ ᤻«ÙŶ١Í͡ẺãËé·¹µèͤÇÒÁÃé͹Ãͺ´éÒ¹ ¢³Ð·Õèà¢éÒÊÙèªÑ鹺ÃÃÂÒ¡ÒÈ áÅÐÁÕ¡ÒèѴÇÒ§ÍØ»¡Ã³ì·ÕèÁÕ¹éÓ˹ѡÁÒ¡ãËéÍÂÙèã¹µÓá˹觷ÕèàËÁÒÐÊÁ à¾×èÍãËé¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈÁÕâÍ¡ÒÊ·Õè¨ÐÃÍ´¨Ò¡áç¨Õ ¢³ÐÍÂÙèã¹á¹ÇÃйҺ ÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ ÁÕ¡ÒäӹdzÇèҹѡºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒȨеéͧ༪ԭ¡Ñºáç¨Õ¢¹Ò´ 8-9 à·èÒ àÅ·Õà´ÕÂÇ ã¹¢³Ð¡ÅѺÊÙèâÅ¡ ¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒȨдմµÑÇÍÍ¡¨Ò¡á¤»«ÙÅ ·ÕèÃдѺ¤ÇÒÁÊÙ§ 7,000 àÁµÃ (23,000 ¿Øµ) áÅÐãªéÃèÁªÙªÕ¾ã¹¡ÒÃŧÊÙè¾×é¹ µÑÇ᤻«ÙŨе¡ÊÙè¾×é¹á¡¡Ñº¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ Links : ÂÙÃÔ ¡Ò¡ÒÃÔ¹ Yuri Gagarin Yuri Gagarin Yuri Gagarin Yuri Gagarin Vostok 1 The Race to Space Vostok Spacecraft
ÍÅѹ ાà¾Ô´ ᤻«ÙÅ¿ÃÕ´ÍÁ 7 ¨ÃÇ´ Mercury-Redstone	5 ¾ÄÉÀÒ¤Á 1961 (¾.È.2504) ÍÅѹ ાà¾Ô´ (Alan B. Shepard, Jr.) First American Male Astronaut - ¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒȪÒªÒÇÍàÁÃԡѹ¤¹áá¢Í§âÅ¡ ÍÅѹ ાà¾Ô´ (Alan B. Shepard, Jr.) à»ç¹ªÒÇÍàÁÃԡѹ¤¹ááã¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈ ã¹á¤»«ÙÅ¿ÃÕ´ÍÁà«àÇè¹ (Freedom 7) ¢Í§â¤Ã§¡Òà Mercury 3 ¨ÃÇ´·Õèãªé ¤×Í MR-7 ÂÒ¹¢Öé¹ä»·Õè¤ÇÒÁÊÙ§ 116.5 äÁÅì ãªéàÇÅÒ·Ñé§ÊÔé¹ 15 ¹Ò·Õ 28 ÇÔ¹Ò·Õ Links : Alan Shepard's Flight in Freedom 7 Apollo Command Modules
¨ÍËì¹ à¡Å¹ (John H. Glenn, Jr.) ᤻«ÙÅà¿Ã¹´ìªÔ»à«àÇè¹	20 ¡ØÁÀҾѹ¸ì 1962 (¾.È.2505) ¨ÍËì¹ à¡Å¹ (John H. Glenn, Jr.) First American Male Astronaut Orbiting the Earth - ¹Ñ¡ºÔ¹ÍÇ¡ÒȪÒªÒÇÍàÁÃԡѹ¤¹áá¢Í§âÅ¡·Õè⤨ÃÃͺâÅ¡ ¨ÍËì¹ à¡Å¹ (John H. Glenn, Jr.) à»ç¹ªÒÇÍàÁÃԡѹ¤¹áá·Õè⤨ÃÃͺâÅ¡ ã¹á¤»«ÙÅà¿Ã¹´ìªÔ»à«àÇè¹ (Friendship 7) ¢Í§â¤Ã§¡Òà Mercury 6 ¨ÃÇ´·Õèãªé ¤×Í Atlas Rocket 109-D ÂÒ¹¢Öé¹ä»·Õè¤ÇÒÁÊÙ§ÃÐËÇèÒ§ 160 áÅÐ 256 ¡ÔâÅàÁµÃ ãªéàÇÅÒ·Ñé§ÊÔé¹ 4 ªÑèÇâÁ§ 55 ¹Ò·Õ 23 ÇÔ¹Ò·Õ Links : Mercury-Atlas 6 Ariel 1, 2 (UK 1, 2)
´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Ariel 1	26 àÁÉÒ¹ 1962 (¾.È.2505) àÍàÃÕÂÅ 1 (Ariel 1) First English Satellite - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá¢Í§Íѧ¡ÄÉ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá¢Í§Íѧ¡ÄÉ «Ö觶١Ê觢Öé¹ä»â´ÂÊËÃÑ°ÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò Links : Ariel 1 Ariel 1, 2 (UK 1, 2) Ariel_1.jpg
´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Telstar 1	10 ¡Ã¡®Ò¤Á 1962 (¾.È.2505) à·ÅʵÒÃì 1 (Telstar 1) First (Active) Telecommunication Satellite - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁâ·Ã¤Á¹Ò¤Á´Ç§áá¢Í§âÅ¡ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá¢Í§âÅ¡¢Í§ÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò ·Õè¶Ù¡ãªé§Ò¹ã¹Ãкºâ·Ã¤Á¹Ò¤Á¼èÒ¹´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ¨ÃÔ§ ÊÒÁÒö¶èÒ·ʹÊÑ­­Ò³â·Ã·Ñȹì¢éÒÁÁËÒÊÁØ·Ãá͵ᏵԤä´éÊÓàÃç¨ Links : Telstar 1 Telstar 1 Telstar 1,2 The Telstar Story
Alouette 1	29 ¡Ñ¹ÂÒ¹ 1962 (¾.È.2505) ÍÒÅÙàÍç´ 1 (Alouette 1) First Canadian Satellite - ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá¢Í§á¤¹Ò´Ò ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§áá¢Í§á¤¹Ò´Ò Ê觢Öé¹ÊÙèǧ⤨Ãâ´ÂÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò à¾×èÍÈÖ¡ÉÒªÑ鹺ÃÃÂÒ¡ÒÈäÍâÍâ¹Êà¿ÕÂÃì (Ionosphere) â´Â¨ÃÇ´ Thor-Agena ¢Í§ÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò ¨Ò¡°Ò¹·Ñ¾ÍÒ¡ÒÈáǹഹàºÍÃì¡ (Vandenburg) ã¹á¤ÅÔ¿ÍÃìà¹Õ ᤹ҴҨ֧¡ÅÒÂà»ç¹»ÃÐà·È·Õè 3 ·ÕèÊÒÁÒöÊ觴ÒÇà·ÕÂÁä´é ËÅѧ¨Ò¡ ÃÑÊà«Õ áÅÐ ÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò Links : Alouette 1 Alouette 1 The Goddard Library - Goddard Projects Directory
Mariner 2	14 ¸Ñ¹ÇÒ¤Á 1962 (¾.È.2505) ÁÒÃÕ¹à¹ÍÃì 2 (Mariner 2) First Successful Planetray Spacecraft - ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈÅÓáá¢Í§âÅ¡·Õèà´Ô¹·Ò§ÃÐËÇèÒ§´ÒÇ First Spacecraft to Visit Venus - ÂÒ¹ÍÇ¡ÒÈÅÓáá¢Í§âÅ¡·Õèà´Ô¹·Ò§ä»´ÒÇÈØ¡Ãì ÂÒ¹ÁÒÃÕ¹à¹ÍÃì 2 à´Ô¹·Ò§¼èÒ¹´ÒÇÈØ¡Ãì ã¹à´×͹¸Ñ¹ÇÒ¤Á 1962 áÅÐà¢éÒÊÙèǧ⤨ÃÃͺ´Ç§ÍÒ·ÔµÂì Links : Venus Mariner 2 Mariner 2

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LINKS

Gunter's Space Page www.answers.com National Aeronautics and Space Administration Animals in Space Planetary Exploration Timeline 10 ªÒµÔáá·Õè¾ÔªÔµÍÇ¡ÒÈ Time Line at mek.kosmo.cz

How high is space? SLR Satellite Information Satellite Images Pictures of Satellites Notable Staffed Space Flights

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